Where id was, there ego shall be," so said Sigmund Freud. Would it be true to say that for C. G. Jung, "Where ego was, there shall soul also be?" Such may be Jung's radical revision of psychology. 

Jung and Freud parted ways with the publication of Jung's The Psychology of the Unconscious in 1912. There Jung demonstrated that the libido was not reducible to the sexual paradigm but was involved in symbolic progressions of consciousness based on mythological patterns. But this was only the beginning of the story. After the break with Freud, Jung conducted a series of experiments on himself which resulted in the development of his psychology of soul. These are recorded in his Black Books and described in The Red Book and Memories, Dreams and Reflections. Up until this point, Jung's psychology had been based on his theory of the complexes and their effect on the ego. In his experiments, Jung's soul confronts his ego as an other and forces him to radically revise his theory of the psyche.

In this course, we shall examine Jung's radical revision of psychology as it pertains to his own theory, psychology itself, and where we find ourselves today. The eclipse of soul has taken place in the "mental health" world of our culture, where a pandemic of dystopic states of mind continues unabated. Is there a way forward to a greater sense of aliveness, that core characteristic of the archetype of the soul? Our aim is to find the soul's path, with the help of Jung's discovery.

Class format: Presentation (with distributed image and text) and discussion.

1. Introduction: Our Current Psychological Dystopia.
2. Jung's Anima Revisions: From The Psychology of the Unconscious to Symbols of Transformation.
3. The Soul's Aion: History, Narrative and Evil.
4. Does the Soul have a Future?

Mark Napack, M.A., S.T.L., M.S., studied archetypal patterns in comparative literature at Columbia University, after which he applied Jungian theory to the redemption motif in medieval theology for his thesis at Fordham University.  He further studied Jung, psychology, and the history of religion at Loyola and Catholic Universities. A long-time graduate and college instructor, Mark has presented at international conferences and his work has appeared in scholarly journals and books in English and French. Mark Napack, LCPC, is also a Jungian-informed psychotherapist in North Bethesda, MD.